Advanced Approaches for Solubility Enhancement of Poorly Water-Soluble Drugs: Techniques, Mechanisms, and Applications

Abstract:

A major difficulty in medication formulation is the limitation of drug bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy caused by poor water solubility. Numerous conventional and cutting-edge solubility improvement methods have been developed in response to this. Drug solubility has been increased via conventional methods including micronization and salt production, which change the drug's characteristics and reduce particle size. Innovative methods to improve drug absorption and distribution include ionic liquids, nanotechnology, lipid-based systems, and supercritical fluid technology. Drug-excipient interactions, amorphous drug states, and particle size reduction are important factors that underpin these techniques. Notwithstanding their potential, formulation stability and scalability issues still exist, necessitating continued study to make these methods more widely applicable. Future developments point to an increase in interest in integrating several strategies to improve solubility in addition to advancements in drug delivery methods. The study provides a thorough overview of current and new tactics in this field and highlights the significance of enhancing solubility to boost therapeutic efficacy. Keywords: Poorly water-soluble drugs, solubility enhancement, nanotechnology, lipid-based systems, bioavailability, amorphous solid dispersions, supercritical fluids.

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